India is on the cusp of a significant medical advancement, with Union Minister Prataprao Jadhav announcing the imminent availability of a vaccine targeting breast, oral, and cervical cancers within the next five to six months. This initiative aims to inoculate girls aged nine to sixteen, addressing cancers that predominantly affect women. However, the success of this program hinges on overcoming deep-seated stigma and misinformation surrounding women’s health in the country.
The prevailing stigma and misinformation
Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death among Indian women, yet awareness about its prevention is alarmingly low. A PLOS study highlighted that only 15% of participants were aware of cervical cancer and its association with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
This lack of knowledge is compounded by cultural taboos that discourage open discussions about sexual health, leading to misconceptions about the vaccine promoting promiscuity.
Dr. Anjali Mehta, a gynecologist observes, “Many parents fear that vaccinating their daughters will be perceived as giving them a license for early sexual activity. This misconception is a significant barrier.” In a country where periods are still often considered as a taboo topic to talk about, let alone discuss, the use of such vaccines is far from basic consideration.
Moreover, people who have strong beliefs in traditional ways of medication, spread information like wildfire and develop doubts in the minds of people who were positive about the vaccine. This was a widespread scenario during the COVID-19 when people believed hoaxes saying that the vaccine is actually the cause of sudden and untimely deaths of young people!
Economic barriers to acceptance
The financial aspect of vaccination cannot be overlooked. Historically, the high cost of HPV vaccines, approximately ₹3,000 per dose, has deterred widespread adoption. While the new vaccine is expected to be more affordable, economic constraints remain a concern, especially in rural areas with limited healthcare budgets. While ₹3,000 might seem like a small amount, it can be too much for some. And parents assuming that their girls won’t need the vaccine (based on presumtions), closes the cases of vaccination for them. More awareness needs to spread about the fact that the vaccination is not for when the damage is caused, it is to be taken so that the damage never takes place and is avoided.
The role of healthcare providers
Healthcare professionals play a pivotal role in shaping public perception. However, National Institutes Of Health studies have shown that even among medical practitioners, there is a lack of awareness and occasional skepticism about the vaccine’s efficacy and safety
This knowledge gap can lead to inadequate patient education and reluctance to recommend the vaccine.
Dr. Priya Sharma, a pediatrician admits, “During my training, we had limited exposure to HPV-related education. Continuous medical education is essential to equip us with the right information.”
Strategies to combat stigma and misinformation
Educational campaigns: Implementing comprehensive awareness programs that involve community leaders, educators, and healthcare workers can demystify the vaccine and its benefits.
Incorporating vaccination into national programs: Integrating the vaccine into the National Immunization Program can standardise its administration and reduce costs, making it accessible to a broader population.
Engaging Media Platforms: Utilising television, radio, and social media to disseminate accurate information can challenge myths and encourage informed decision-making.
A multifaceted approach that combines education, accessibility, and community engagement will be key to ensuring acceptance and safeguarding the health of future generations.
