Today, India is celebrating its 76th Republic Day with the theme ‘Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas’ (Golden India: Legacy and Progress), which highlights our rich cultural legacy and hopes for a brighter future.
India’s journey to becoming a sovereign republic was not just about gaining independence; it was about laying the foundation of democracy through a strong Constitution. While the country achieved freedom on August 15, 1947, it wasn’t until January 26, 1950, that India officially adopted its Constitution, marking the birth of the republic. Every year, Republic Day reminds citizens of the values of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, principles that continue to shape the nation. But beyond grand parades and celebrations, how well do we understand the fundamental rights written in our Constitution?
The Free Press Journal asked young Indians about the fundamental rights that matter most to them.
Voice that matters
The Indian Constitution guarantees six fundamental rights to all citizens. These rights are outlined in Articles 12–35 of Part III of the Constitution. Right to equality (Article 19-22), right against exploitation (Article 23-24), right to freedom of religion (Articles 25-28), cultural and educational rights (Articles 29-30), and right to constitutional remedies (Article 32-35).
For Rishav Sinha (26), a solution architect, the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression [Article 19(1)(a)] is more than just a legal provision — it’s a tool for innovation. “This right fosters creativity, innovation, and meaningful dialogue by allowing individuals to share ideas, debate issues, and hold those in power accountable,” he explains. Reflecting on his career, he recalls a time when he hesitated to voice concerns about an outdated process at work. “When I finally spoke up, my suggestion led to a more efficient workflow and inspired others to share their ideas. That experience taught me how the freedom to express oneself can drive meaningful change and strengthen connections.”
Journalist Joe Sinha (23) also shares similar thoughts, emphasising how these freedoms are important, especially in today’s socio-political climate. “In today’s India, where these freedoms are increasingly compromised under the guise of nationalism or to push divisive, communal agendas, their significance is even greater. From curbing free speech to suppressing protests, the erosion of these rights threatens the very core of democracy and silences critical voices,” he says. For Joe, protecting the right to freedom is not just about upholding a law. It’s about preserving the soul of a just and inclusive society.
Power through awareness
Ankita Tiwary (23), a news analyst, believes that the Right to Information (RTI) Act is one of the most impactful rights in the digital era. It is a part of the fundamental right to Freedom of Speech and Expression, which is guaranteed by Article 19 of the Constitution of India.
“One of the fundamental rights that I truly appreciate from our Constitution is RTI. In today’s digital age, where social media and technology dominate, access to information has become easier than ever before. The RTI empowers citizens to demand transparency and hold the government accountable, promoting an informed and educated society,” she explains.
Unlike in the past, when information was scarce, Ankita points out how RTI has helped bridge the knowledge gap. “Being informed allows individuals to make better decisions and actively participate in democracy. This right ensures that citizens play a crucial role in fostering a more aware and engaged citizenry.”
Constitution’s soul
While most of the individuals know about the right to freedom, there are several other individuals who like other rights as well. For data engineer Rohan Sharma (24), Article 21, which guarantees the protection of life and personal liberty, is the most fundamental of all rights. “For me, Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty would be the most cherished of the fundamental rights. It is arguably the soul of our Constitution, as also deemed by many scholars. It is the most interpreted article ensuring each individual (citizen and non-citizen) enjoys a life of dignity, justice, and freedom,” he says.
He also points out its significance during crises, noting, “It’s one of the only two fundamental rights that cannot be suspended even in times of an emergency.”
While most people recognize Republic Day as a celebration of the nation’s democratic values, many overlook its deeper meaning, the awareness of the rights and duties that define citizenship. Gen Z’s responses highlight the significance of these rights in shaping their lives and careers, proving that the Constitution is not just a historical document but a living guide to empowerment and democracy. One thing can become clear that the power of the Constitution lies in how it is understood and upheld by its people.
So, this Republic Day, take a moment to read and reflect on the fundamental rights that protect and empower every citizen. Because knowing your rights is the first step toward strengthening democracy.
