After the Pahalgam terror attack in Jammu and Kashmir, the Government of India has taken a big and tough step and suspended the Indus Water Agreement with immediate effect. The decision was announced after a meeting of the Cabinet Committee on Security Affairs (CCS) chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The agreement was reached between India and Pakistan in 1960 under the World Bank’s arbitration, under which Pakistan got 80% of the six rivers.
What is Indus Water Agreement?
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Signed: 19 September 1960
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Signer: India’s then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistan President Ayub Khan
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Agreement in World Bank’s mediation
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Rivers include: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab (West – Pakistan), Ravi, Beas, Sutlej (East – India)
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Pakistan has 80% water supply from the Indus Water System, which is considered the backbone of its economy.
Possible impact of suspension of agreement
1. Inflation and food crisis in Pakistan
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The Indus Basin is the basis of 75–80% farming of Pakistan.
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Major crops such as wheat, rice, cotton and sugarcane will be affected.
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Food security crisis and dependence on imports will increase.
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Pressure on foreign exchange reserves and decline in rural economy.
2. Reduction in power generation
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Hydro power projects such as Turbella and Mangla depend on the Indus River.
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Lack of water will affect power generation, which will further increase the energy crisis.
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The production capacity of industries will decrease, which will affect employment and GDP.
3. Drinking water crisis
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Water supply of big cities like Karachi, Lahore, Multan in Punjab and Sindh province will be affected.
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This may lead to a decline in health problems, social instability and economic activities.
Direct impact on Pakistan’s economy
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According to the World Bank, the Indus river system contributes to 25% of GDP of Pakistan.
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The suspension of the agreement may cause GDP to fall by 25%.
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Problems like inflation, poverty and starvation may increase.
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Crop exports will decrease, and there is a possibility of heavy fall in foreign exchange reserves.
India’s clear message
India has not only shown a tough stand against terrorist attacks with this move, but has also made it clear that now Pakistan is to India Not sympathy, but concrete answers will get.
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